Bringing seascape ecology to the deep seabed: A review and framework for its application

Seascape ecology is an emerging pattern-oriented and integrative science conceptually linked to landscape ecology. It aims quantify multidimensional spatial structure in the sea reveal its ecological consequences. The seascape approach has made important advances shallow coastal environments, increasing exploration mapping of deep seabed provides opportunities for application ocean. We argue that ecology, with multiscale perspective, can generate new scientific insights at temporal scales relevant ecosystem-based management. a conceptual operational framework integrates builds on existing benthic habitat research by providing additional concepts, tools techniques (1) complex patterns across multiple scales; (2) link biodiversity processes; (3) provide ecologically meaningful information operationally This review introduces deep-seabed environments. Research areas are highlighted where advance understanding